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英语专业八级模拟试题23
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分数：100分
用时：194分钟（建议）
描述：英语专业八级模拟试题23
预览试卷结构
预览试卷内容
Part I Listening Comprehension
共 20分 / 34分钟
Section A
Mini-Lecture
10 小题
10分
Section B
Conversations
5 小题
5分
Section C
News Broadcast
5 小题
5分
Part II Reading Comprehension
共 20分 / 30分钟
Section A
Multiple Choice
20 小题
20分
Part III General Knowledge
共 10分 / 10分钟
Section A
Multiple Choice
10 小题
10分
Part IV Error Correction
共 10分 / 15分钟
Section A
Error Correction
10 小题
10分
Part V Translation
共 20分 / 60分钟
Section A
Translation (Chinese to English)
1 小题
10分
Section B
Translation (English to Chinese)
1 小题
10分
Part VI Writing
共 20分 / 45分钟
Section A
Writing
1 小题
20分
Part I
Part II
Part III
Part IV
Part V
Part VI
Part I Listening Comprehension
20分 / 34分钟
Part II Reading Comprehension
20分 / 30分钟
Part III General Knowledge
10分 / 10分钟
Part IV Error Correction
10分 / 15分钟
Part V Translation
20分 / 60分钟
Part VI Writing
20分 / 45分钟
Section A
In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET after the mini-lecture. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.
Now listen to the mini-lecture.
A. The peace treaty of 1783 recognized the independence of the United States and the former 13 British
1)
became 13 states of the new nation. B. The Constitution The Constitution set up a federal system with a strong central government. The government consists of three branches. Each has powers that the others do not have and has a way of counteracting and limiting wrongful actions by another branch, which is known as
2)
.
3)
federal taxes, declare war or put foreign treaties into effect. 1. Two Houses under the Congress a) The House of Representatives Two-year terms. The number of representatives of a state is determined by the population count taken every 10 years. b) The Senate Six-year terms. Each state, regardless of population, has two senators, which
4)
that the smallest states have an equal voice in one of the houses of Congress. 2. The main duty of Congress — to make laws A law begins as a proposal called a "bill". It is read, studied in committees, commented on and amended in one
5)
, and then voted upon. If it passes, it is sent to the other where a similar procedure occurs. When both houses of Congress pass a bill, it is sent to the president for his signature.
6)
1. The chief representative — the president elected every four years to no more than two terms. 2. The vice president — to serve as the presiding officer of the Senate except for the right of
7)
to the presidency. 3. The power of presidency: propose legislation to Congress; veto bills; appoint federal judges (All such court appointments are subject to
8)
by the Senate.)
9)
and 91 federal district courts. The Supreme Court today consists of a chief justice and eight
10)
justices.
Section B
In this section, you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will answer the questions.
Now, listen to the conversation.
11.
Which of the following can best describe BON?
A) It's a Western TV network.
B) It's the first commercial Chinese private TV network.
C) It's a state-owned Chinese TV network.
D) It's the first commercial Chinese private TV network available in more than 50 Asian countries and regions now.
12.
What's the difference between BON and state-owned media sources?
A) BON has three functions while state-owned media don't.
B) State-owned media realize the functions in different ways from BON.
C) Both BON and state-owned media have a pre-set agenda.
D) BON tries to shape China's image while state-owned media try to reflect the real China.
13.
Compared with Chinese media, the Western media are mostly concerned with the following EXCEPT _____.
A) social system
B) political system
C) human rights record
D) environmental issues
14.
According to Justin Ku, what should the media do to win Westerners' trust and attract Western audiences?
A) To be objective.
B) To strike a balance in reporting.
C) To speak the global language.
D) All of the above.
15.
Which of the following is NOT included in "universal values"?
A) Democracy.
B) Freedom.
C) Capitalism.
D) Equality.
Section C
In this section you will hear several news items. Listen to the news items carefully and then answer the questions that follow.
News Broadcast One
Questions 16 to 17 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will answer the questions.
Now, listen to the news.
16.
The American Secretary of State Hillary Clinton aims to ________.
A) start peace talks in two weeks' time with Israel and Palestine
B) achieve lasting peace within a year
C) improve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict by September next year
D) resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict for good
17.
All of the following will attend the eve of summit meeting EXCEPT______.
A) Hillary Clinton
B) President Obama
C) President Mubarak of Egypt
D) the Israeli and the Palestinian leaders
News Broadcast Two
Questions 18 to 19 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will answer the questions.
Now, listen to the news.
18.
What's the main idea of this piece of news?
A) The French Senate disapproved by a comfortable majority a hotly contested plan to raise the retirement age from 60 to 62.
B) The French Senate has approved by a comfortable majority a hotly contested plan to raise the retirement age from 60 to 62.
C) The French Senate disapproved by a comfortable minority a hotly contested plan to raise the retirement age from 60 to 62.
D) The French Senate has approved by a comfortable minority a hotly contested plan to raise the retirement age from 60 to 62.
19.
Which of the following is NOT correct?
A) It is a controversial pension reforms.
B) There are 330 senators in the French Senate.
C) All of the senators voted by themselves.
D) The trade unions will continue their opposition.
News Broadcast Three
Questions 20 to 20 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will answer the questions.
Now, listen to the news.
20.
According to the news, how many workers are there originally in Cuba?
A) 1959.
B) 500,000.
C) More than 1,000,000.
D) About 5,000,000.
Section A
In this section there are several passages followed by some questions or unfinished staments, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.
Text A
It is a sad fact that from early childhood we are tyrannised by the moral myth that it is right, proper and good to leap out of bed the moment we wake in order to set about some useful work as quickly and cheerfully as possible. My own personal guilt about feeling physically incapable of rising early in the morning continued well into my 20s. As a student, I developed complex alarm systems. I bought a timer plug and set it to turn on my coffee maker and also the record player, on which I had placed my loudest record. 7:50 am was the allotted time. The cheering and whooping would wake me, and I'd know I had only a few seconds to leap out of bed and turn down the volume before Dee Dee Ramone would grunt "One — two — three — four" and my housemates and I would be assaulted by the opening chords of Rockaway Beach. The idea was that I would then drink the coffee and jolt my body into wakefulness. It half worked. When I heard the crowd noise, I would leap out of bed and totter for a moment. But what happened then, of course, was that I would turn the volume right down, ignore the coffee and climb back to the snuggly, warm embrace of my duvet. For all modern society's promises of leisure, liberty and doing what you want, most of us are still slaves to a schedule we did not choose. Why have things come to such a pass? Well, the forces of the anti-idle have been at work since the fall of man. The propaganda against oversleeping goes back a very long way, more than 2,000 years, to the Bible. Here is Proverbs, chapter 6, on the subject: Go to the ant, thou sluggard; consider her ways, and be wise: Which having no guide, overseer, or ruler, Provideth her meat in the summer, and gathereth her food in the harvest. I would question the sanity of a religion that holds up the ant as an example of how to live. The ant system is an exploitative aristocracy based on the unthinking toil of millions of workers and the complete inactivity of a single queen and a handful of drones. In mid-18th-century London, Dr. Johnson, who had nothing to be ashamed of as far as literary output goes, is to be found lacerating himself for his sluggardly habits. "O Lord, enable me ... in redeeming the time I have spent in Sloth," he wrote in his journals at the age of 29. Twenty years later, things haven't improved, and he resolves "to rise early. Not later than six if I can." The following year, having failed to rise at six, he adapts his resolution: "I purpose to rise at eight, because, though I shall not yet rise early, it will be much earlier than I now rise, for I often lie till two." The Methodist John Wesley, who himself rose every morning at 4 am, wrote a sermon called The Duty and Advantage of Early Rising, in which he claimed that lying in bed was physically unhealthy, and used comically quasi-scientific terms to drive home his argument: "By soaking so long between warm sheets, the flesh is as it were parboiled, and becomes soft and flabby. The nerves, in the meantime, are quite unstrung." I would argue not only that early rising is totally unnatural but also that lying in bed half awake — sleep researchers call this state "hypnagogic" — is positively beneficial to health and happiness. A good morning doze of half an hour or more can, for example, help you to prepare mentally for the problems and tasks ahead. As to how on earth going early to bed could automatically guarantee riches and happiness, I suppose nothing can be proved, but I'm with Dr. Johnson who confidently asserted: "Whoever thinks of going to bed before 12 o'clock is a scoundrel."
21.
The passage is mainly about ____________.
A) early to bed and early to rise
B) how to avoid getting up late
C) the relationship between sluggards and great men
D) the virtue of idleness
22.
According to the author, what is NOT the evidence against the idea of "early to bed and early to rise"?
A) Early rising is totally unnatural.
B) The state of being hypnagogic is positively beneficial to health and happiness.
C) A good morning doze of half an hour or more can help you prepare mentally for the problems and tasks ahead.
D) Sleeping too much will make nerves unstrung.
23.
Which of the following is TRUE?
A) The author always felt guilty that he could not rise early in the morning.
B) The propaganda against oversleeping can be dated back to more than 2,000 years ago.
C) It's proved that going early to bed could automatically guarantee riches and happiness.
D) The author thought that he would then drink the coffee and jolt his body into wakefulness worked when he was a student.
24.
How to understand the underlined sentence in Paragraph 6?
A) Dr. Johnson had nothing to be ashamed of.
B) Dr. Johnson felt ashamed of his sluggardly habits.
C) Dr. Johnson felt less ashamed of his sluggardly habits than his literary output.
D) Dr. Johnson felt ashamed of his sluggardly habits the same as his literary output.
25.
The excerpt about ants from the Bible in Paragraph 4 is used to _____________.
A) serve as an example with which the author lashed out early rising from a new angle
B) warn that sluggards should learn from ants
C) indicate that ants are more diligent than most of our human beings
D) show that people were instructed to be hard-working with a long history
Text B
Even if George Osborne did not intend to exempt the NHS and foreign aid from cuts, the biggest-spending department in government would be an obvious place to wield the axe. Both Labour and the Conservatives were keen on welfare reform before the fiscal crisis. Blairite work and pensions secretaries (namely John Hutton and James Purnell) found common ground with Tories such as Iain Duncan Smith, who now runs the department. Yet there is a difference between those men and Mr. Osborne. The welfare reformers of recent years wanted to fight a dependency culture, not save money. Indeed, improving incentives to work can actually cost money, at least in the short term. Mr. Osborne, by contrast, has his eye on the bottom line. He hopes to make cuts less severe elsewhere by squeezing as much from the ￡192 billion ($286 billion) welfare budget as he possibly can. His budget targeted things that trouble the likes of Mr. Purnell and Mr. Duncan Smith less. He cut payments to the middle classes, for example, by ending child-tax credits for households earning more than ￡26,000 from April 2012. He also wants claimants of disability-living allowance, which helps disabled people with the costs of care and getting around, to undergo medical checks to ensure eligibility (Mr. Purnell did something similar for the separate out-of-work incapacity benefit). Housing benefit will be tightened, goodies such as health grants to pregnant women will be abolished, and lone parents must look for work once their youngest child starts school. These and other measures will save ￡11 billion by 2014-2015, says Mr. Osborne. But the longer-term slog against chronic unemployment — the essence of welfare reform — is what really animates the government's welfare ministers. In pursuing this mission they are off to a strong start, not least because of public disdain for "scroungers". Much of the intellectual heavy-lifting has been done. The likes of Lord (David) Freud, the architect of Labour's welfare reforms, have been hammering out the policies for years; to implement one of them, the previous government had already begun paying private firms to get the long-term unemployed back to work. When Mr. Duncan Smith eventually produces his welfare-reform bill, it is likely to look only incrementally different from Mr. Purnell's in 2009. Another reason for reformers to be hopeful is the sheer political clout they have. Mr. Duncan Smith, a former Tory leader and still a voice for the party's right, has long been immersed in his brief and does not want promotion to anything grander. He is helped by Chris Grayling, an effective welfare spokesman before his brief stint as shadow home secretary. Lord Freud, who joined the Tories last year, is a minister in the department. Labour's Frank Field, perhaps Westminster's doughtiest champion of welfare reform, is also involved as "poverty tsar". After the government's austerity programme and its schools-reform policy, no cause has as much political capital invested in it. Still, there are obstacles to overcome. Labour found the Department of Work and Pensions hostile to reform. Depriving Jobcentre Plus, the state's own unemployment agency, of its monopoly on getting claimants back to work incurred particularly strong bureaucratic resistance. The Tories' partners in government may be squeamish. Welfare reform was not a big theme in the Liberal Democrats' election manifesto and Steve Webb, their minister in the department, is on the party's left. Much of the zeal in this area is informed by religious faith, or at least social conservatism: Mr. Duncan Smith is a practising Christian, as is Mr. Field, and Labour's reforms were backed by Scottish MPs appalled at the social breakdown caused by unemployment. The Lib Dems have less of this conservative culture. But money is the biggest problem. Ending the welfare trap is crucial; many on benefits are doing the rational thing by not taking jobs and seeing their state handouts vanish. But withdrawing benefits more slowly from those who find work is expensive. Mr. Osborne's desire to make savings from the welfare budget is not quite the same thing as this kind of welfare reform. Indeed, the one may endanger the other.
26.
What is the best title for this passage?
A) Welfare Reform: Whose Policy to Adopt?
B) Welfare Reform: Long Way to Go
C) Welfare Reform: Fight the Dependency Culture
D) Welfare Reform: A Costly War
27.
According to the welfare reformers, what is the severest problem causing welfare crisis?
A) There is not enough savings in fiscus.
B) The citizens depend too much on welfare.
C) Bureaucracy in welfare system is universal.
D) There is not enough demand for work in market.
28.
What does the underlined sentence mean?
A) Mr. Osborne focuses on the bottom of society.
B) Mr. Osborne focuses on the upper class of society.
C) Mr. Osborne adopts a drastic way.
D) Mr. Osborne adopts an easy way.
29.
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A) The essence of reforming welfare is to raise employment.
B) Welfare reform may hurt some people's interest.
C) Paying private firms to employ the unemployed will incur Jobcentre Plus's resistance.
D) Liberal Democrats fight fiercely on welfare reform with other parties in order to win the election.
30.
Which party does George Osborne most possibly belong to?
A) The Conservative Party.
B) The Labour Party.
C) The Liberal Democrat Party.
D) None of the above.
Text C
When people come to work each day, they don't leave their insecurities, personal problems and personality quirks at home. They come marching right into the office with them. And that's why there are so many annoying people in your workplace. You can't change them — just as they can't change you. And it doesn't do much good to embarrass them, berate them or seek revenge when they've mistreated you. This is a matter of strategy. Take, for example, people with exaggerated opinions of themselves. Ever work with one of them? Haughty and snooty, these intellectual snobs act as though they're doing you a favor to be with them, says Muriel Solomon, author of Working with Difficult People. These so-called "condescenders" are quick to grasp problems and faster than you at seeing solutions. Once they permit you to join the discussion, they ignore your ideas and zap you with put-downs. You can't change them, but whether it's a boss or a colleague, you don't have to put up with the rude behavior either. The first step, she says, is believing you deserve respect. You won't get it until you expect it. Just as this person is clever and conceited, you can be clever and considerate. If this person is your boss, be ready with facts that you've triple-checked. Acknowledge that he is the boss and when you speak, move quickly and confidently and keep him informed. His condescending remarks will diminish in proportion to the amount of increased respect you earn. You also may have run into the "left-handed complimenter" who starts off a conversation praising you and ends with a qualifying put-down. For instance: "That was a great report. Why can't you do that kind of work all the time?" Don't react to the barb the person just threw. Divide the remark and only accept the praise: "I'm glad you like my report. I worked hard on it, as I do on all my projects." You don't have to take any type of insulting or condescending behavior from anyone. The catch is not to blow your stack. If you're a manager, you've got some personalities to contend with as well. For example, what about employees who are so insecure that they believe that whatever goes wrong is their fault? This "self-berater" constantly looks for reassurance, says Solomon. "They dramatize how bad they're doing so you will contradict them. They claim blame for whatever went amiss hoping you'll grant them absolution. Their way to avoid being hurt by others is to inflict hurt on themselves before anyone else can." You may feel tempted to reassure them over and over that they're doing a great job. But when you compliment them, they probably can't accept it graciously. Plus, you stunt their growth if you pay their emotional blackmail, Solomon says. Get strategic and help self-beraters become more emotionally mature. She suggests: 1)Continue giving them assignments they do well. Allow them to experience a lot of little success to bolster their self-confidence. 2)Get them to talk about what's making them anxious. For instance, you've asked to do something and they say, "I don't know if I can." You can reply with, "I know you can, so suppose you tell me what you're really concerned about." 3)Explain the cost of begging for reassurance. If, after you've given a compliment, the person says, "You don't really mean it, do you?" you can say, "I don't say things I don't mean and I find it upsetting when someone doubts my words." There are dozens of difficult personalities you'll face at work. Don't take it personally. They're not concerned about you. They're too busy working about their own problems. Focus on not getting sucked in and then figure out how to turn the situation around.
31.
According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A) People handle their personal problems at home.
B) People who are arrogant often have exaggerated opinions of themselves.
C) You can't change the "condescenders", so you should tolerate their rude behavior.
D) If other people are clever and conceited, you should be very modest.
32.
Which of the following might be uttered by a "left-handed complimenter"?
A) How beautiful you are today!
B) It's a mess. Can't you come up with a satisfying proposal?
C) It's far from perfect. But anyhow, you have done a good job this time.
D) How special your dress is! Why not change another handbag? It doesn't match!
33.
What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5?
A) As a manager, you'd better blame employees for whatever went amiss.
B) As a manager, you should compliment the employees instead of blaming them, which does good to employees' growth.
C) As a manager, you should stop reassuring the employees over and over that they're doing a great job, for what you do does harm to employees' growth.
D) The employees are not neccersary to blame themselves for whatever went amiss.
34.
For suggestions to help self-beraters, all are acceptable EXCEPT _____.
A) earn respect as much as possible
B) strengthen their confidence by giving them assignments they do well
C) figure out what makes them anxious
D) inform the consequence of begging for reassurance when they doubt the compliment
35.
What's the purpose of the author's writing?
A) Just for fun.
B) To help self-beraters become more emotionally mature.
C) To tell us how to be a successful boss or manager.
D) To tell us how to get along with others.
Text D
Is the global economy out of the woods? Two years after near-meltdown, with the US looking sluggish, equity markets groggy and Europeans fighting a debt crisis, experts gathered in Italy offered a generally gloomy outlook — especially for the US and much of the industrialized world. The doomsayers were led by New York University economist Nouriel Roubini, who warned in booming tones that "there is a significant risk of a double-dip recession in the United States" as well as in Japan and many European countries. Some of the assembled experts and leaders at the annual Ambrosetti Forum on the shores of Lake Como were somewhat more upbeat: economist Edwin Truman, a senior fellow of the Peterson Institute for International Economics, predicted that "the most likely global outlook is subpar growth." But most appeared to agree on a sobering array of basic problems standing in the way of true recovery: Many of the growth drivers in place since the collapse of Lehman Brothers are winding up or have ended, including not only the massive stimulus spending but tax breaks, schemes such as the "cash for clunkers" program and for some countries like Russia — high commodity prices; The stimulus deemed necessary to jump-start moribund economies soon causes deficits and debt, upsetting the markets enough to spur austerity — which undermines growth; Most of the world's growth stems from a developing world led by China — which is heavily dependent on exports, and so will suffer if recovery in the rich world proves short-lived; The jobs picture is not improving and in parts of the developed world — such as Spain, with some 20 percent unemployment. The warnings come amid mixed news on indicators. The European Central Bank raised its growth projections on Thursday and its president, Jean-Claude Trichet, said recession was "not in the cards". But the bank said the situation remained uncertain and that it would keep measures to supply banks with additional credit in place until the end of the year. The US unemployment rate rose in August for the first time in four months as hiring by private employers proved insufficient to keep pace with a large increase in the number of people looking for work. The US Labor Department said on Friday that companies did add a net total 67,000 new jobs last month, down from July's upwardly revised total of 107,000. But more than a half-million Americans resumed their job searches, which drove up the jobless rate to 9.6 percent from 9.5 percent in July — a figure above the rate in Britain and Germany. "The US has to create 150,000 every month in the private sector just to stabilize the rate and prevent it from rising," said Roubini, who gained celebrity for predicting the global collapse of 2008 when others were still celebrating the boom times, "We'd have to create 300,000 jobs every month for the next three years just to bring back the level of employment to before this recession started." And even that wouldn't be enough when taking into account the young people entering the labor market, he added. Harvard University historian Niall Ferguson noted that since 2001 the United States has seen its debt-to-GDP ratio double to 66 percent and that it may well be headed toward the danger zone of 100 percent. "This is a completely unsustainable fiscal policy," said Ferguson. "Pretty soon the US will be spending more on debt service than national security. ... That's a tipping point for any global power."
36.
The word "upbeat" in the third paragraph most probably means ____.
A) worried
B) uneasy
C) pessimistic
D) optimistic
37.
According to most economists at the Forum, the growth stimulus resulted in ______.
A) activating the moribund economies
B) deficits and debts
C) inflation
D) lower unemployment rate
38.
According to the whole text, which of the following is TRUE?
A) According to Nouriel Roubini, the chance of encountering the second recession in the US is slim.
B) Developed countries contribute a lot to most of the world's growth.
C) Jean-Claude Trichet thought the recession was likely to happen.
D) Offering 300,000 jobs every month for the next three years is totally enough to bring back the level of employment to before this recession started in the US.
39.
We can infer that the passage might be written in ______.
A) July
B) August
C) September
D) October
40.
The passage could be least possibly a digest of ______.
A) a scientific paper
B) a newspaper editorial
C) economic magazines
D) researching report
Section A
There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.
41.
The largest city in New Zealand is ________.
A) Auckland
B) Wellington
C) Christchurch
D) Dunedin
42.
Which of the following is true under Thatcher's administration?
A) The proportion of owner-occupation decreased.
B) Public housing became more important.
C) Many public houses were sold to people.
D) The UK became more European-like in its housing arrangement.
43.
The Bill of Rights consists of _____.
A) 10 very short paragraphs in an amendment
B) 10 amendments adopted in 1787
C) 10 amendments added to the Constitution in 1791
D) the amendments concerning the freedom of speech, the freedom of the press and the freedom of religion
44.
Which one is NOT true about the Prime Minister in Britain?
A) He is appointed by the Queen.
B) He is Minister for Civil Service.
C) He sits the House of Commons.
D) He is elected every four years.
45.
My Last Duchess
is a monologue poem written by ____.
A) William Shakespeare
B) Robert Browning
C) Ben Jonson
D) Robert Herrick
46.
In 1954, ______ was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature for his "mastery of the art of modern narration".
A) T.S. Eliot
B) Ernest Hemingway
C) John Steinbeck
D) William Faulkner
47.
Whitman's poems are characterized by the following features EXCEPT _____.
A) a simple and conversational language
B) a free and natural rhythmic pattern
C) an easy flow of feelings
D) a strict poetic form
48.
Grice introduced four categories of maxims. Which one means we should be clear in our meaning?
A) Quantity Maxim.
B) Quality Maxim.
C) Manner Maxim.
D) Relation Maxim.
49.
The classic semantic triangle or triangle of significance mainly illustrates the view of _____.
A) conceptualism
B) contextualism
C) behavioriam
D) structruralism
50.
In English, the gender distinctions are ______.
A) not related to real world entities
B) divided into Feminine, Masculine and Neuter
C) divided into Feminine and Masculine
D) on the whole natural
Section A
Proofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET as instructed. The following passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maxinum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way: For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line; for a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a "^" sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line; for an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash "/" and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line.
51.
the human genome on a massive scale, any number of innovations can be expected in mapping and sequencing technologies. But several of the central tools of molecular genetics are likely to stay with us. One such tool is the class of DNA-cutting proteins known as restriction enzymes.
52.
53.
The second essential tool of modern molecular genetics is gel electrophoresis, for
54.
55.
through a polymeric gel under the influence of an imposed static electric field.
56.
rapidly through the gel than larger ones.
57.
example is the cloning vector, which may be circular DNA molecules derived
58.
from yeast or bacterial genomic DNA. The characteristic all these vectors share is that fragments of "foreign" DNA can be inserted into them, whereby the inserted DNA is replicated along with the rest of the vector as the host reproduces itself. Another way of amplifying DNA is the polymerase chain reaction, or PCR. This
59.
as short complementary strands at the ends of the separated DNA fragments to be replicated. Again and again, the strands can be separated and the polymerase reaction
60.
than three hours.
Section A
Translate the underlined part of the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET.
肖伯纳说：“人生有两大悲剧，一是没有得到你心爱的东西，另一是得到了你心爱的东西。”我曾经深以为然，并且佩服他把人生的可悲境遇，表述得如此轻松俏皮。但仔细玩味，发现这话的立足点仍是占有，所以才会有占有欲未得满足的痛苦和已得满足的无聊这双重悲剧。如果把立足点移到创造上，以审美的眼光看人生，我们岂不可以反其意而说：人生有两大快乐，一是没有得到你心爱的东西，于是你可以去寻求和创造；另一是得到了你心爱的东西，于是你可以去品味和体验？当然，人生总有其不可消除的痛苦，而重情轻利的人所体味到的辛酸悲哀，更为逐利之辈所梦想不到。但是，摆脱了占有欲，至少可以使人免除许多琐屑的烦恼和渺小的痛苦，活得有器度些。我无意以审美之情为救世良策，而只是表达了一个信念：在义与利之外，还有一种更值得一过的人生。这个信念将支撑我度过未来吉凶难卜的岁月。
Section B
Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET.
There was a woman who was beautiful, who started with all the advantages, yet she had no luck. She married for love, and the love turned to dust. She had bonny children, yet she felt they had been thrust upon her, and she could not love them. They looked at her coldly, as if they were finding fault with her. And hurriedly she felt she must cover up some fault in herself. Yet what it was that she must cover up she never knew. Nevertheless, when her children were present, she always felt the center of her heart go hard. This troubled her, and in her manner she was all the more gentle and anxious for her children, as if she loved them very much. Only she herself knew that at the center of her heart was a hard little place that could not feel love, no, not for anybody. Everybody else said of her: "She is such a good mother. She adores her children." Only she herself, and her children themselves, knew it was not so. They read it in each other's eyes.
Section A
Nowadays, as people are becoming more health-conscious, fitness clubs and sports centres are common to see in big cities. Undoubtedly, there is both great fun and great benefit in exercising. Write an essay of about 400 words on the topic:The Benefits of Exercising In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.
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