VOA慢速：学习之后做什么能提升学习效果
Things to Do After You Study
燕山大学 刘立军 供稿
【TRANSCRIPT】
Many students study with little thought about what comes after their study session.
But what you do after studying could have an effect on how well you learn and remember new information.
Today on Education Tips, we will explore two no-cost ways that can help you improve your learning: wakeful rest and sleep.
When many students finish studying, they often go straight to another activity. Perhaps they look at their phone or computer. They might even play a video game or watch television.
But research suggests that resting after you study may help you remember what you studied.
The basic idea is this: by reducing your activity after the study session, your brain gets a chance to rest. Resting is difficult when you have too much stimulation from electronic devices, games, lights and so on.
While this might sound unusual to you, many studies have explored the benefits of resting after learning - what is called "wakeful rest."
A study published in the Journal PLOS One examined how well older people who were in good health could remember certain words. In two different experiments, researchers found that older adults who rested for 10 minutes after learning new words had better memory of those words. "A period of wakeful rest immediately after new learning boosts free recall of verbal material," the researchers wrote.
The results were strong even after seven days, they added.
A 2019 study found that both young and older adults were able to better remember, or recollect, information from prose passages after doing wakeful rest. The findings appeared in Neuroscience Letters.
This study involved 45 younger people and 40 elderly adults.
"Wakeful resting led to higher overall recollection in both age groups," the researchers noted.
If you want to give "wakeful rest" a try, here are a few simple things to do. Rest quietly for five to ten minutes. Do not look at your phone, read stories or play games. Just limit the amount of stimulation you get. It is really that easy!
In addition to wakeful rest, sleep is also important for learning.
The Division of Sleep Medicine at Harvard Medical School notes that sleep helps people to learn in two ways. A report on the school's website explains that "a sleep-deprived person cannot focus attention optimally and therefore cannot learn efficiently." It also says, "sleep itself has a role in the consolidation of memory, which is essential for learning new information."
Robert Stickgold is a doctor and sleep expert at Harvard Medical School. Speaking with the U.S. National Institutes of Health, or NIH, he noted that new memories can be hard to keep. "When we first form memories, they're in a very raw and fragile form," he said.
Sleep is important for forming memories. Stickgold told the NIH "you get very little benefit from cutting corners."
The National Sleep Foundation suggests that adults between the ages of 18 and 64 get between 7 and 9 hours of sleep per day. Teenagers may need slightly more, and people over the age of 65 may need a little less.
Now you have two suggestions for how to learn new information.
Try to get some "wakeful rest" after a study session. Then try to get a good night's sleep.
That's it—a simple, no-cost way to help you remember what you learn.
You can include the ideas we discussed today with ideas we explored in other Education Tips stories. On those programs, we discussed what you can do before and during a study session to improve your learning.
I'm John Russell.
【VOCABULARY】
1. wakeful adj. not sleeping; unable to sleep 失眠的；不能入睡的
2. verbal adj. relating to words 文字的；言语的；词语的
3. consolidation n. 巩固
4. fragile adj. not strong and likely to become ill/sick 虚弱的
【QUESTIONS】
Read the statements. Then listen to the news and decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F).
1. All students study with much thought about what comes after their study session.
2. This news will explore two no-cost ways that can help you improve your learning: wakeful rest and sleep.
3. When many students finish studying, they often go straight to another activity.
4. Research suggests that resting after you study may help you remember what you studied.
5. By reducing your activity after the study session, your brain gets a chance to rest.
6. In two different experiments, researchers found that older adults who rested for 20 minutes after learning new words had better memory of those words.
7. A 2019 study found that both young and older adults were able to better remember, or recollect, information from class after doing wakeful rest.
8. If you want to give "wakeful rest" a try, here are a few simple things to do. Rest quietly for five to ten minutes. Do not look at your phone, listen to music, read stories or play games.
9. The National Sleep Foundation suggests that adults between the ages of 18 and 64 get between 8 hours of sleep per day.
10. Now you have two suggestions for how to learn new information. Try to get some "wakeful rest" after a study session. Then try to get a good night's sleep.
【KEY】
Read the statements. Then listen to the news and decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F).
(F) 1. Many students study with much thought about what comes after their study session.（正确表达）Many students study with little thought about what comes after their study session.
(T) 2. This news will explore two no-cost ways that can help you improve your learning: wakeful rest and sleep.
(T) 3. When many students finish studying, they often go straight to another activity.
(T) 4. Research suggests that resting after you study may help you remember what you studied.
(T) 5. By reducing your activity after the study session, your brain gets a chance to rest.
(F) 6. In two different experiments, researchers found that older adults who rested for 20 minutes after learning new words had better memory of those words.（正确表达）In two different experiments, researchers found that older adults who rested for 10 minutes after learning new words had better memory of those words.
(F) 7. A 2019 study found that both young and older adults were able to better remember, or recollect, information from class after doing wakeful rest.（正确表达）A 2019 study found that both young and older adults were able to better remember, or recollect, information from prose passages after doing wakeful rest.
(F) 8. If you want to give "wakeful rest" a try, here are a few simple things to do. Rest quietly for five to ten minutes. Do not look at your phone, listen to music, read stories or play games.（正确表达）If you want to give "wakeful rest" a try, here are a few simple things to do. Rest quietly for five to ten minutes. Do not look at your phone, read stories or play games.
(F) 9. The National Sleep Foundation suggests that adults between the ages of 18 and 64 get 8 hours of sleep per day.（正确表达） The National Sleep Foundation suggests that adults between the ages of 18 and 64 get between 7 and 9 hours of sleep per day.
(T) 10. Now you have two suggestions for how to learn new information. Try to get some "wakeful rest" after a study session. Then try to get a good night's sleep.