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2014年12月大学英语四级考试真题（二）
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分数：90分
用时：106分钟（建议）
描述：
2014年12月大学英语四级考试真题（二）
预览试卷结构
预览试卷内容
Part I Writing
共 15分 / 30分钟
Section A
Writing
1 小题
15分
Part II Listening Comprehension
共 35分 / 31分钟
Section A
Short Conversations
8 小题
8分
Long Conversations
7 小题
7分
Section B
Listening Passages
10 小题
10分
Section C
Spot Dictation
10 小题
10分
Part III Reading Comprehension
共 35分 / 40分钟
Section A
Matching Paragraphs with Information
10 小题
10分
Section B
Multiple Choice
10 小题
20分
Section C
Banked Cloze
10 小题
5分
Part IV Translation
共 5分 / 5分钟
Section A
Paragraph Translation
1 小题
5分
Part I
Part II
Part III
Part IV
Part I Writing
15分 / 30分钟
Part II Listening Comprehension
35分 / 31分钟
Part III Reading Comprehension
35分 / 40分钟
Part IV Translation
5分 / 5分钟
Section A
Directions: Write a composition on the following topic with the hints given below.
Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay about a course that has impressed you most in college. You should state the reasons and write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear several conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.
2.
A) The woman is fussy about the cleanness of the apartment.
B) He has not cleaned the apartment since his mother’s visit.
C) He does not remember when his mother came over.
D) His mother often helps him to clean the apartment.
3.
A) The bus stop is only two minutes5 walk.
B) The running made him short of breath.
C) They might as well take the next bus.
D) The woman is late by a couple of minutes.
4.
A) She is suffering a pain in her neck.
B) She is likely to replace Miss Smith.
C) She has to do extra work for a few days.
D) She is quite sick of working overtime.
5.
A) Change her job.
B) Buy a dishwasher.
C) Open a flower shop.
D) Start her own business.
6.
A) He forgot where he had left the package.
B) He slipped on his way to the post office.
C) He wanted to deliver the package himself.
D) He failed to do what he promised to do.
7.
A) The speakers do not agree with each other.
B) The woman does not like horror films.
C) The man pays for the tickets as a rule.
D) The speakers happened to meet in the cinema
8.
A) The woman is just as unlucky as the man.
B) The woman is more sensitive than the man.
C) The speakers share a common view on love.
D) The speakers are unhappy with their marriage.
9.
A) Preparations for a forum.
B) Organizers of a forum.
C) Participants in the forum.
D) Expectations of the forum.
Questions 10 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
10.
A) France.
B) Scandinavia.
C) Russia.
D) East Europe.
11.
A) More women will be promoted in the workplace.
B) More women will overcome their inadequacies.
C) More women will receive higher education.
D) More women will work outside the family.
12.
A) Try hard to protect women’s rights.
B) Educate men to respect women more.
C) Help women acquire more professional skills.
D) Spend more time changing women's attitudes.
Questions 13 to 16 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
13.
A) In a restaurant.
B) In a hotel lobby.
C) At the man’s office.
D) At the woman’s place.
14.
A) He is the chief designer of the latest bike model.
B) He has completed an overseas market survey.
C) He is the Managing Director of Jayal Motors.
D) He has just come back from a trip to Africa.
15.
A) To select the right model.
B) To get a good import agent.
C) To convince the board members.
D) To cut down production costs.
16.
A) His flexibility.
B) His vision.
C) His intelligence.
D) His determination.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear several short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).
Passage One
Questions 17 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.
17.
A) How being an identical twin influences one’s identity.
B) Why some identical twins keep their identities secret.
C) Why some identical twins were separated from birth.
D) How identical twins are born, raised and educated.
18.
A) Their second wives were named Linda.
B) They grew up in different surroundings.
C) Their first children were both daughters.
D) They both got married when they were 39.
19.
A) They want to find out the relationship between environment and biology.
B) They want to see what characteristics distinguish one from the other.
C) They want to understand how twins communicate when far apart.
D) They want to know whether twins can feel each other’s pain.
Passage Two
Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.
20.
A) It is especially attractive to children and the young.
B) It is the first choice of vacationers on the Continent.
C) It is as comfortable as living in a permanent house.
D) It is an inexpensive way of spending a holiday.
21.
A) It has a solid plastic frame.
B) It consists of an inner and an outer tent.
C) It is very convenient to set up.
D) It is sold to many Continental countries.
22.
A) A groundsheet.
B) A gas stove.
C) A kitchen extension.
D) A spare tent.
Passage Three
Questions 23 to 26 are based on the passage you have just heard.
23.
A) It covers 179 square miles.
B) It is as big as New York City.
C) It covers 97 square kilometers.
D) It is only half the size of Spain.
24.
A) It imported food from foreign countries.
B) Its geographic features attracted many visitors.
C) Its citizens enjoyed a peaceful, comfrotable life.
D) It was cut off form the rest of the world.
25.
A) The fast development of its neighboring countries.
B) The increasing investment by developed countries.
C) The building of roads connecting it with neighboring countries.
D) The establishing of diplomatic relations with France and Spain.
26.
A) They work on their farms.
B) They work in the tourist industry.
C) They raise domestic animals.
D) They make traditional handicrafts.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
“Don't take many English courses; they won't help you get a decent job.” “Sign up for management classes, so you will be ready to join the family business when you graduate. “
Sound
27)
? Many of us have heard suggestions like these
28)
by parents or others close to us. Such comments often seem quite reasonable.
Why, then, Should suggestions like these be taken with
29)
? The reason is they relate to the decisions you should make. You are the one who must
30)
their consequences.
One of the worst reasons to follow a particular path in life is that other people want you to. Decisions that affect your life should be your decisions-decisions you make after you've considered various
31)
and chosen the path that suits you best.
Making your own decisions does not mean that you should
32)
the suggestions of others. For instance, your parents do have their own unique experiences that may make their advice helpful and having
33)
in a great deal of your personal history. They may have a clear view of your strength and weaknesses. Still, their views are not necessarily accurate. They may still see you as a child,
34)
care and protection. Or they may see only your strength. Or, in some unfortunate cases, they may
35)
only on your flaws and shortcomings.
People will always be giving your advice. Ultimately, though, you have to make your own
36)
.
Section A
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by matching the corresponding letter with each statement.
37.
The author felt as a boy that his life in a separated neighborhood was casual and cozy.
38.
There is every sign of decline at the paper mill now.
39.
One reason the author’s father could sit and eat at the drug store was that he didn’t look that dark.
40.
Piedmont was a town of immigrants from different parts of the world.
41.
In spite of the awful inconveniences caused by racial prejudice, the author’s family managed to live a life of dignity.
42.
The author later realized he had caused great distress to his father by asking why he was wrongly addressed.
43.
The author took pride in being from Piedmont because of its natural beauty.
44.
Colored people called white people by the business they did.
45.
Colored people who lived in Piedmont did heavy manual jobs at the paper mill.
46.
The colored people felt uneasy at the presence of the whites in their neighborhoods.
Section B
Directions: There are several passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.
Passage One
Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.
Children are a delight. They are our future. But sadly, hiring someone to take care of them while you go to work is getting more expensive by the year.
Earlier this month, it was reported that the cost of enrolling an infant or small kid at a childcare center rose 3% in 2012, faster than the overall cost of living. There are now large strips of the country where daycare for an infant costs more than a tenth of the average married couple’s income.
This is not necessarily a new trend, but it is a somewhat puzzling one. The price of professional childcare has been rising since the 1980s. Yet during that time, pay for professional childcare workers has stood still. Actually caregivers make less today, in real terms, than they did in 1990. Considering that labor costs are responsible for up to 80% of a daycare center’s expenses, one would expect flat wages to have meant flat prices.
So who’s to blame for higher childcare costs?
Childcare is a carefully regulated industry. States lay down rules about how many children each employee is allowed to watch over, the space care centers need per child, and other minute details. And the stricter the regulations, the higher the costs. If it has to hire a caregiver for every two children, it can’t really achieve any economies of scale on labor to save money when other expenses go up. In Massachusetts, where childcare centers must hire one teacher for every three infants, the price of care averaged more than $16,000 per year. In Mississippi, where centers must hire one teacher for every five infants, the price of care averaged less than $5,000.
Unfortunately, I don’t have all the daycare-center regulations handy. But I wouldn’t be surprised if as the rules have become more elaborate, prices have risen. The tradeoff（交换）might be worth it in some cases; after all, the health and safety of children should probably come before cheap service. But certainly, it doesn’t seem to be an accident that some of the cheapest daycare available is in the least regulated South.
47.
What problem do parents of small kids have to face?
A) The ever-rising childcare prices.
B) The budgeting of family expenses.
C) The balance between work and family.
D) The selection of a good daycare center.
48.
What does the author feel puzzled about?
A) Why the prices of childcare vary greatly from state to state.
B) Why increased childcare prices have not led to better service.
C) Why childcare workers，pay has not increased with the rising childcare costs.
D) Why there is a severe shortage of childcare professionals in a number of states.
49.
What prevents childcare centers from saving money?
A) Steady increase in labor costs.
B) Strict government regulations.
C) Lack of support from the state.
D) High administrative expenses.
50.
Why is the average cost of childcare in Mississippi much lower than in Massachusetts?
A) The overall quality of service is not as good.
B) Payments for caregivers there are not as high.
C) Living expenses there are comparatively low.
D) Each teacher is allowed to care for more kids.
51.
What is the author’s view on daycare service?
A) Caregivers should receive regular professional training.
B) Less elaborate rules about childcare might lower costs.
C) It is crucial to strike a balance between quality and costs.
D) It is better for different states to learn from each other.
Passage Two
Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.
Alex Pang’s amusing new book The Distraction Addiction addresses those of us who feel panic without a cellphone or computer. And that, he claims, is pretty much all of us. When we’re not online, where we spend four months annually, we’re engaged in the stressful work of trying to get online.
The Distraction Addiction is not framed as a self-help book. It’s a thoughtful examination of the dangers of our computing overdose and a historical overview of how technological advances change consciousness. A "professional futurist," Pang urges an approach which he calls “contemplative（沉思的）computing.” He asks that you pay full attention to “how your mind and body interact with computers and how your attention and creativity are influenced by technology.”
Pang’s first job is to free you from the common misconception that doing two things at once allows you to get more done. What is commonly called multitasking is, in fact, switch-tasking, and its harmful effects on productivity are well documented. Pang doesn’t advocate returning to a pre-Internet world. Instead, he asks you to “take a more ecological（生态的）view of your relationships with technologies and look for ways—devices or media may be making specific tasks easier or faster but at the same time making your work and life harder.”
The Distraction Addiction is particularly fascinating on how technologies have changed certain fields of labor—often for the worse. For architects, computer-aided design has become essential but in some ways has cheapened the design process. As one architect puts it, “Architecture is first and foremost about thinking...and drawing is a more productive way of thinking” than computer-aided design. Somewhat less amusing are Pang’s solutions for kicking the Internet habit. He recommends the usual behavior-modification approaches, familiar to anyone who has completed a quit-smoking program. Keep logs to study your online profile and decide what you can knock out, download a program like Freedom that locks you out of your browser, or take a "digital Sabbath（安息日）": "Unless you’re a reporter or emergency-department doctor, you’ll discover that your world doesn’t fall apart when you go offline."
52.
Alex Pang’s new book is aimed for readers who___________.
A) find their work online too stressful
B) go online mainly for entertainment
C) are fearful about using the cellphone or computer
D) can hardly tear themselves away from the Internet
53.
What does Alex Pang try to do in his new book?
A) Offer advice on how to use the Internet effectively.
B) Warn people of the possible dangers of Internet use.
C) Predict the trend of future technological development.
D) Examine the influence of technology on the human mind.
54.
What is the common view on multitasking?
A) It enables people to work more efficiently.
B) It is in a way quite similar to switch-tasking.
C) It makes people’s work and life even harder.
D) It distracts people’s attention from useful work.
55.
What does the author think of computer-aided design?
A) It considerably cuts down the cost of building design.
B) It somewhat restrains architects’ productive thinking.
C) It is indispensable in architects’ work process.
D) It can free architects from laborious drawing.
56.
What is Alex Pang’s recommendation for Internet users?
A) They use the Internet as little as possible.
B) They keep a record of their computer use time.
C) They exercise self-control over their time online.
D) They entertain themselves online on off-days only.
Section C
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with several blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
A) adapt
B) contribute
C) exerting
D) expenses
E) fair
F) justified
G) maintaining
H) private
I) provided
J) revenues
K) similarly
L) simply
M) theft
N) total
O) wealth
One principle of taxation, called the benefits principle, states that people should pay taxes based on the benefits they receive from government services. This principle tries to make public goods similar to
57)
goods. It seems reasonable that a person who often goes to the movies pays more in
58)
for movie tickets than a person who rarely goes. And
59)
, a person who gets great benefit from a public good should pay more for it than a person who gets little benefit.
The gasoline tax, for instance, is sometimes
60)
using the benefits principle. In some states,
61)
from the gasoline tax are used to build and maintain roads. Because those who buy gasoline are the same people who use the roads, the gasoline tax might be viewed as a
62)
way to pay for this government service.
The benefits principle can also be used to argue that wealthy citizens should pay higher taxes than poorer ones,
63)
because the wealthy benefit more from public services. Consider, for example, the benefits of police protection from
64)
. Citizens with much to protect get greater benefit from police than those with less to protect. Therefore, according to the benefits principle, the wealthy should
65)
more than the poor to the cost of
66)
the police force. The same argument can be used for many other public services, such as fire protection, national defense, and the court system.
Section A
Directions: Translate the following paragraph(s) into English (with the given words or phrases).
大熊猫（giant panda）是一种温顺的动物，长着独特的黑白皮毛。因其数量稀少，大熊猫已被列为濒危物种。大熊猫对于世界自然基金会（WWF）有着特殊的意义。自1961年该基金会成立以来，大熊猫就一直是它的徽标。大熊猫是熊科中最稀有的成员，主要生活在中国西南部的森林里。目前，世界上大约有1000只大熊猫。这些以竹为食的动物正面临许多威胁。因此，确保大熊猫的生存比以往更重要。
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